McMaster Experimental Economics Laboratory R. Andrew Muller


HETEROGENEITY AND THE VOLUNTARY PROVISION OF PUBLIC GOODS


Kenneth S. Chan, McMaster University
Stuart Mestelman, McMaster University
Rob Moir, University of New Brunswick at Saint John
R. Andrew Muller, McMaster University

July 10,1998

Abstract

We investigate the effects of heterogeneity and incomplete information on aggregate contributions to a public good using the voluntary contribution mechanism in a non-linear laboratory environment, using three-person groups in a partners environment under varying conditions of information and communication. Bergstrom, Blum and Varian predict that increasing heterogeneity will have no effect on aggregate contributions in a no-communication environment. Ledyard conjectures a negative effect of heterogeneity, a positive effect of incomplete information, and a positive interaction of heterogeneity and incomplete information. We find that incomplete information has a small but significant negative effect. Heterogeneity has a positive effect on aggregate contributions, but its effects interact unexpectedly with communication. In a no-communication environment, heterogeneity in two dimensions (income and preferences) increases contributions substantially while heterogeneity in a single dimension (income or preferences) has little effect. In the communication environment we find the reverse. We also find a positive interaction between heterogeneity and incomplete information. Thus we reject the Bergstrom, Blume and Varian invariance result and provide mixed evidence on Ledyard's conjectures.

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